Dogs, depending on their life stage, breed or mix, and personality, will have different needs for exercise, social interaction, and mental stimulation. A puppy or young adult will usually be more “busier” than an older dog. If we look at the evolution of the dog, selection has been primarily for behaviours such as hunting, guarding or companionship to humans. While individuals within a breed category can vary, a dog bred for hunting (such as an English Setter) or for herding (such as a Border Collie) will often be more physically active than dogs bred purely for companionship (such as a Pug or Shih Tzu).

We have selectively bred various breeds of dog to have the physical ability and energy required to spend the day working. It is not surprising then that when these dogs are left home alone all day, we start to see unwanted behaviours.

Dogs are sentient beings with behavioural and emotional needs as well as their basic physical needs. These needs cannot be put on hold or ignored just because we don’t have the time on a daily basis. Dogs can become bored or frustrated when they lack stimulation. Equally dogs can become stressed when they do not have enough to do or enough social interaction.

Just like people, dogs are individuals with different energy levels, interests, and physical abilities. Dogs need both mental stimulation and physical exercise.

We often talk about breed specific behaviours and the need to ensure dogs have their behavioural, physical, cognitive, and emotional needs met. Breed specific behaviours are hard-wired and dogs need to be able to express their natural behaviours to be happy and healthy. But what does that mean? We need to think of safe and manageable ways to allow our dogs to use their natural breed instincts.

 

We know that dogs need different types of exercise and stimulation and that each individual dog will be different in terms of what works for him. Think of your dog’s likes and dislikes and his energy level. What does your dog like to do?